Q. If the value of number of observations is large and e is small then ∑e / n will be equal to __________

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Q. Which of the following indicates the fundamental of least squares?

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Q. Which of the following value must always be positive in the principle of least squares?

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Q. In the process of least squares, sum of residuals must be equal to zero.

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Q. When number of observations is large, the arithmetic mean will be equal to true value.

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Q. Determine the arithmetic mean if the summation of the difference between individual and mean of the observations is given as 1.54 for 10 observations.

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Q. Find the value of N if the sums of squares of two individual residuals are given as 24.98 and 13.76 respectively. The summation of the difference between individual and the mean of the readings is 3.32 for 8 observations.

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Q. The laws of weight are established on the basis of____________

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Q. In the laws of weight, weight is inversely proportional to length.

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Q. Weight of the equation remains unchanged even when the signs in the equation are changed.

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Q. Find the arithmetic mean if the angles and their weights were given as 20˚42ꞌ3ꞌꞌ, 20˚42ꞌ4ꞌꞌ, 20˚42ꞌ6ꞌꞌ and 2, 2, 2 respectively.

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Q. Determine the weight of the weighted arithmetic mean if the angles and their weights are given as 40˚56ꞌ2ꞌꞌ, 40˚56ꞌ7ꞌꞌ, 40˚56ꞌ12ꞌꞌ and 5, 4, 9 respectively.

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Q. Find the weight of the algebraic sum of the two quantities given as 21˚43ꞌ10ꞌꞌ, 54˚32ꞌ20ꞌꞌ, having weights 5, 7 respectively.

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Q. If the angle α = 54˚32ꞌ12ꞌꞌ, having weight 7, is multiplied by a factor 5 then find the resulting weight of that angle.

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Q. Find the weight of the equation α+ β = 23˚45ꞌ20ꞌꞌ if it is multiplied by its own weight. Weight of the equation is given as 2.

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Q. Determine the weight of the quantity β = 21˚54ꞌ13ꞌꞌ if it is divides by a factor 3. Its original weight is 8.

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Q. What will be the value of weight if the equation α+ β = 32˚18ꞌ7ꞌꞌ having weight 5 is subtracted by 180˚?

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Q. Which of the following can be used for finding a normal equation?

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Q. Normal equation is used in case of________________

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Q. Which of the following processes is a tedious one?

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