Q. At the end of the lag phase, when growth begins, the division rate increases gradually and reaches a maximum value in the exponential growth period. This transitional period is commonly called the accelerated growth phase and is often included as a part of the

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Q. The air riser is located on the outside of the draft tube for the large-scale airlift bioreactors because of

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Q. In an airlift bioreactor, the air sparging region is called

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Q. The relatively large volume (10 to 40% of total fermenter volume) of the seed culture is employed to

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Q. The height to diameter ratio (H/D) for the tank fermenters is

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Q. Stirred tank fermenter (STF) can be employed for

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Q. The advantage of airlift bioreactors over stirred tank bioreactors of a similar size is

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Q. Turbidostat is recommended when continuous fermentation needs to be carried out at

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Q. In a batch reactor specific growth rate

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Q. Lag phase occurs mainly due to

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Q. Which of the following statements would be appropriate while comparing bubble column and air lift fermenter of the same size?

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Q. The contents in bubble column and air lift reactor are mixed through

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Q. Which of the following is incorrect?

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Q. The main function(s) of a draft tube in an air lift fermenter is/are to

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Q. The specific growth rate is affected by

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Q. During the log phase cell numbers increase exponentially

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Q. The diameter of the baffles in a standard stirred tank bioreactor ranges from

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Q. If the specific growth rate, μ. is constant with time during the exponential growth period, the equation correlating bacterial number density Cn), cell number concentration with respect to time can be expressed as

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Q. A culture in a closed vessel to which no additional medium is added and from which no waste products are removed is called a __________ culture.

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Q. The bubble column fermenter is usually limited to

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