Q. Assuming the laminar flow across the filter, the rate of filtration (dVf/dt) can be expressed as a function of pressure drop Dp by the modified D'Arcy's equation as (where A is the area of filtering surface, K is the D'Arcy's filter cake permeability and L is the thickness of the filter cake)

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Q. Filtration leaf test results indicate that the filtration rate of a protein product is 100 dry lbs/(ft2 hr). What size production filter would be required to obtain 100 dry lbs of filter cake/hr?

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Q. Selectivity can be expressed as

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Q. If the solute passes through membrane freely, the the rejection coefficient (s) is

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Q. If the membrane rejects all solute, the rejection coefficient (s) is

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Q. In antibiotic manufacturing processes, the fermentation time ranges from

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Q. The conventional filtration involves the separation of large particles generally

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Q. Which of the operation does not come under upstream processing?

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Q. Concentration polarization can be reduced further by

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Q. A system which require less solvent and produces a more concentrated extract phase, is desired with a

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Q. The efficiency of cell disruption in a bead mill depends on the

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Q. A common filter medium is the cloth filter generally made of

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Q. An ion exchange resin is composed of

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Q. For cost analysis in a fermentor system, the depreciation cost varies from

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Q. Micro filtration refers to the separation of suspended material such as bacteria by using a membrane with spore sizes of

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Q. Start up expenses in a fermentation industry varies from

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Q. The solvent flux across the membrane can be expressed as (where A is the area, Lp is the membrane permeability, σ is the reflection point, Δp is applied pressure and Δπ is the osmotic pressure)

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Q. Which of the following is considered as a pretreatment to the biological feeds?

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Q. For the extractions operation, the selectivity should be

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Q. The purity of a solute collected between two times t1 and t2 during chromatographic separation can be calculated as

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