Q. Ion exchange resins contain cation functional groups.

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Q. _____ is added to hard water to make it softer.

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Q. ________ is used in detergents to soften water.

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Q. Which is the commonly used chelator?

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Q. Calculate the amount of softener resin required for the following information.

Magnesium: 80 ppm as CaCO₃
Capacity: 47 Kg/m³
Correction factor: 0.9
Flow rate: 135 m³/hr
Operation hours: 20 hrs

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Q. Calculate the theoretical softener resin bed depth for the following data:

Magnesium Load: 130 ppm as CaCO₃
Capacity: 47 Kg/m³
Correction factor: 0.9
Flow rate: 135 m³/hr
Operation hours: 20 hrs
Linear velocity: 16.6 m³/h/ m³
Space velocity: 20 m³/h/ m³

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Q. Calculate the area of the softener vessel required for the following information.

Magnesium Load: 180 ppm as CaCO₃
Capacity: 47 Kg/m³
Correction factor: 0.9
Flow rate: 135 m³/hr
Operation hours: 20 hrs
Linear velocity: 16.6 m³/h/ m³
Space velocity: 20 m³/h/ m³

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Q. Calculate the diameter of the softener vessel required for the below given data.

Magnesium Load: 500 ppm as CaCO₃
Capacity: 57 Kg/m³
Correction factor: 0.9
Flow rate: 135 m³/hr
Operation hours: 20 hrs
Linear velocity: 16.6 m³/h/ m³
Space velocity: 20 m³/h/ m³

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Q. Calculate the fast rinse flow of the regenerant liquid for a softener with the below given data.

Magnesium Load: 10 ppm as CaCO₃
Capacity: 47 Kg/m³
Correction factor: 0.9
Flow rate: 135 m³/hr
Operation hours: 20 hrs

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Q. Calculate the regenerant flow required for the softener system with the given below data.

Calcium Load: 85 ppm as CaCO₃
Capacity: 37 Kg/m³
Correction factor: 0.9
Flow rate: 135 m³/hr
Operation hours: 20 hrs

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Q. Calculate the rinse volume of the regenerant liquid for the softener system with the given below data.

Calcium Load: 60 ppm as CaCO₃
Capacity: 37 Kg/m³
Correction factor: 0.9
Flow rate: 35 m³/hr
Operation hours: 10 hrs

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Q. Calculate the fast rinse period of the regenerant liquid for a softener system with the given below data.

Calcium Load: 40 ppm as CaCO₃
Capacity: 37 Kg/m³
Correction factor: 0.9
Flow rate: 235 m³/hr
Operation hours: 10 hrs

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Q. In which year was the Ferrosand process patented?

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Q. What is the permitted concentration of manganese in drinking water?

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Q. What is the permitted concentration of iron in drinking water?

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Q. What is the permitted concentration of arsenic in drinking water?

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Q. What is the minimum time of aeration?

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Q. What is the tank volume of aeration for water flow of 50 m³/h?

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Q. At what pH should the water be maintained?

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Q. The aeration system will decrease the redox potential of the water.

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