Q. ______________ facilitates the doubling of the feasible spectral efficiency through the transmission of independent information in each of the two orthogonal polarizations.

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Q. The performance degradation due to nonlinear phase noise is referred to as _____________

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Q. Estimate the minimum transmitter power if number of photons per bit are 150, wavelength 1.3 micrometer with an optical bandwidth of 20 THz.

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Q. The technique within the coherent multicarrier systems used to broadcast the optical signals over the network is the use of passive _____________

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Q. The channel width is narrow for the coherent systems than the WDM systems.

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Q. A major attribute of coherent optical transmission was its ability to provide _______________ for future multicarrier systems and networks.

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Q. The use of __________ was undertaken to separate the polarization in an analog to digital conversion.

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Q. The asynchronous heterodyne detection is _________ more sensitive than the dual filter direct detection FSK receiver.

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Q. FSK synchronous detection is _________ more sensitive than asynchronous heterodyne detection.

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Q. ___________ can also be used in place of multilayered filters in the dual filter direct detection FSK receiver.

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Q. BER of FSK modulation scheme is ________ as/to the ASK modulation scheme.

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Q. FSK modulation is attributed to the use of __________ frequencies unlike ASK modulation.

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Q. In a ______________ receiver, the analyses of signal and noise phenomena are more complicated than in the IM-DD case.

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Q. ASK with heterodyne detection can achieve same SNR limit as ASK with asynchronous detection.

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Q. The received signal through polarization diversity reception is linearly polarized.

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Q. Phase diversity reception is also referred to as ______________

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Q. The use of PLL can be avoided in the intra-dyne detection.

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Q. In the __________ receiver, the incoming signal is not precisely shifted to the baseband.

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Q. How many strategies of homodyne demodulation have proved to be successful for coherent optical fiber reception?

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Q. The phase difference between the local oscillator and the source must be ________ for high sensitivity reception.

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