Q. Which of the following is untrue regarding the programs for analysis of nucleic acid sequences?

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Q. PROTPARS counts the minimum number of mutations to change a codon for the first amino acid into a codon for the second amino acid, but only scores those mutations in the mutational path that actually change the amino acid.

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Q. Parsimony can give ________ information when rates of sequence change _______ in the different branches of a tree that are represented by the sequence data.

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Q. Which of the following is untrue regarding the distance methods?

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Q. Which of the following is untrue regarding the distance methods?

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Q. Which of the following is untrue regarding the Distance analysis programs in PHYLIP?

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Q. Which of the following is untrue regarding the neighbor-joining method?

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Q. Neighbor-joining chooses the sequences that should be joined to give the best least squares estimates of the branch lengths that most closely reflect the actual distances between the sequences.

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Q. Which of the following is wrong statement about the maximum likelihood approach?

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Q. In about the maximum likelihood approach, for each tree, the number of sequence changes or mutations that may have occurred to give the sequence variation is considered.

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Q. The maximum likelihood method can be used to explore relationships among more diverse sequences, conditions that are not well handled by maximum parsimony methods.

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Q. The main disadvantage of maximum likelihood methods is that they are _____

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Q. Maximum likelihood has also been used for an analysis of mutations in overlapping reading frames in viruses.

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Q. Which of the following is wrong statement about DNAML and DNAMLK?

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Q. Which of the following is wrong statement about the maximum likelihood method’s steps?

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Q. Once all positions in the sequence alignment have been examined, the likelihoods given by each column in the alignment for each tree are _____ to give the likelihood of the tree.

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Q. A method of sequence alignment based on a Model (Bishop and Thompson 1986) was introduced that predicts the manner in which DNA sequences change during evolution. Which of the following is wrong about it?

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Q. A method of sequence alignment based on a Model (Bishop and Thompson 1986) was introduced that predicts the manner in which DNA sequences change during evolution. Which of the following is wrong about it?

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Q. Phylogenetic analysis of a set of sequences that aligns ______ is straightforward because the positions that correspond in the sequences can be readily identified in a ______ of the sequences.

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Q. For sequences that have ________ a phylogenetic analysis is __________

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