Q. S1: Reliogion is not a matter of mere dogmatic conformity.
P : It is not merely going through the ritual prescribed to us.
Q : It is not a question of ceremonial piety.
R : Unless that kind of transformation occurs, you are not an authentically religious man.
S : It is the remarking of your own self, the transformation of your nature.
S6: A man of that character is free from fear, free from hatred.
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Q. S1: We speak today of self-determination in politics.
P : So long as one is conscious of a restraint, it is possible to resist it or to near it as a necessary evil and to keep free in spirit.
Q : Slavery begins when one ceases to feel that restraint and it depends on if the evil is accepted as good.
R : There is, however, a subtler domination exercised in the sphere of ideas by one culture to another.
S : Political subjection primarily means restraint on the outer life of people.
S6: Cultural subjection is ordinarily of an unconscious character and it implies slavery from the very start.
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Q. S1: Once upon a time an ant lived on the bank of river.
P : The dove saw the ant struggling in water in a helpless condition.
Q : All its efforts to come up is failed.
R : One day it suddenly slipped in to water.
S : A dove lived in the tree on the bank not far from the spot.
S6: She was touched.
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Q. S1: The December dance and music season in Madras is like the annual tropical cyclone.
P : A few among the new aspirants dazzle witht he colour of youth, like fresh saplings.
Q : It rains an abundance of music for over a fortnight.
R : Thick clouds expectation charge the atmosphere with voluminous advertisements.
S : At the end of it one is left with the feeling that the music of only those artists seasoned by careful nurturing, stands tall like well-routed trees.
S6: Many a hastily planed shrub gets washed away in the storm.
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Q. S1: There is a touching story of Professor Hardy visiting Ramanujan as he lay desperately ill in hospital at Putney.
P : 'No Hardy, that is not a dull number in the very least.
Q : Hardy, who was a very shy man, could not find the words for his distress.
R : It was 1729.
S : The best he could do, as he got to the beside was "I say Ramanujan, I thought the number of taxi I came down in was a very dull number"
S6: It is the lowest number that can be expressed in two different ways as the sum of two cubes.
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Q. S1: I took cigarettes from my case.
P : But when the fit of coughing was over, he replaced it between his lips.
Q : I lit one of them and placed it between the lips.
R : Then with a feeble hand he removed the cigarette.
S : Slowly he took a pull at it and coughed violently.
S6: Then he continues to draw on it.
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Q. S1: There is difference between Gandhiji's concept of secularism and that of Nehru's.
P : Nehru's idea of secularism was equal indifference to all religions and bothering about none of them.
Q : According to Gandhiji, all religions are equally true and each scripture is worthy of respect.
R : Such secularism which means the rejection of all religions is contrary to our culture and tradition.
S : In Gandhiji's view, secularism stands for equal respect for all religions.
S6: Instead of doing any good, such secularism can do harm instead of good.
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Q. S1: As a dramatist Rabindranath was not what might be called a success.
P : His dramas were moulded on the lines of the traditional Indian village dramas than the dramas of modern world.
Q : His plays were more a catalogue of ideas than a vehicle of the expression of action.
R : Actually the drama has always been the life of Indian people, as it deals with legends of gods and goddesses.
S : Although in his short stories and novels he was able to create living and well defined characters, he did not seem to be able to do so in dramas
S6: Therefor, drama forms the essential part of the traditional Indian Culture.
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Q. S1: It is regrettable that there is widespread corruption in the country at all levels.
P : So there is hardly anything that the government can do about it now.
Q : And there are graft and other malpractices too.
R : The impression that corruption is universal phenomenon persists and the people not cooperate in checking this evil.
S : Recently several offenders were brought to book, but they were not given deterrent punishment.
S6: This is indeed a tragedy of great magnitude.
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Q. S1: The heart is pump of life.
P : They have even succeeded in heart transplants.
Q : Nowadays surgeons are able to stop a patients heart and carry out complicated operations.
R : A few years ago it was impossible to operate on a patient whose heart was not working properly.
S : If heart stops we die in about five minutes.
S6: All this was made possible by the invention of heart-lung machine.
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Q. S1: Your letter was big relief.
P : How did you exams go?
Q : After your result, you must come here for a week.
R : You hadn't written for over a month.
S : I am sure you will come out with flying colours.
S6: But don't forget to bring chocolate for Geetha.
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Q. S1: Far away in a little street there is a poor house.
P : Her face is thin and worn and her hands are coarse, pricked by a needle, for she is a seam stress.
Q : One of the windows is open and through it I can see a poor woman.
R : He has a fever and asking for oranges.
S : In a bed in a corner of the room her little boy is lying ill.
S6: His mother has nothing to give but water, so he is crying.
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Q. S1: A noise started above their heads.
P : But people did not take it seriously.
Q : That was to show everyone that there was something wrong
R : It was a dangerous thing to do.
S : For, within minutes the ship began to sink.
S6: Nearly 200 lives were lost on the fateful day.
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Q. S1: American private lies may seem shallow.
P : Students would walk away with books they had not paid for.
Q : A Chinese journalist commented on a curious institution: the library
R : Their public morality, however, impressed visitors.
S : But in general they returned them.
S6: This would not happen in china, he said.
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Q. S1: The path of Venus lies inside the path of the Earth.
P : When at its farthest from the Earth, Venus is 160 million away
Q : With such a wide range between its greatest and leat distances it is natural that at sometimes Venus appears much brighter than at others.
R : No other body ever comes so near the Earth, with the exception of the Moon and occasional comet or asteroid.
S : When Venus is at its nearest to the earth it is only 26 million miles away.
S6: When at its brightest, it is easily seen with the naked eye in broad daylight.
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Q. S1: In India marriages are usually arranged by parents
P : Sometimes boys and girls do not like th idea of arranged marriages.
Q : Most young people accepts the state of affairs.
R : Shanta was like that.
S : They assume their parents can make good choices.
S6: She felt she was a modern girl and not subject for bargaining.
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Q. S1: She said on the phone that she would report for duty next day.
P : We waited for few days then we decided to go to her place.
Q : But she did not.
R : we found it locked.
S : Even after that we waited for her quite a few days.
S6: Eventually we reported to the police.
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Q. S1: Payment for imports and exports is made through a system called foreign exchange.
P : The value of the money of one country in relation to the money of other countries is agreed upon.
Q : These rates of exchange vary from time to time.
R : For instance, an American dollar or a British pound sterling is worth certain amounts in the money of other countries.
S : Sometimes a United States dollar is worth 12 pesos in Mexico.
S6: Another time it may be worth eight pesos.
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Q. S1: Moncure Conway devoted his life to two great objects freedom of thought, and freedom of the individual.
P : They threaten both kinds of freedom.
Q : But something also has been lost.
R : There are now dangers, somewhat different in form from those of the past ages.
S : In regard to both these objects, something has been gained since his time.
S6: Unless a vigorous and vigilant public opinion can be aroused in defence of them, there will be much less of both a hundred years hence then there is now.
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Q. S1: The study of speech disorders due to brain injury suggests that patients can think without having adequate control over their language.
P : But they succeed in playing games of chess.
Q : Some patients, for example fail to find the names of objects presented to them.
R : They can even use the concepts needed for chess playing, though they are unable to express many of the concepts in ordinary language.
S : They even find it difficult to interpret long written notices.
S6: How they manage to do this we do not know.
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