Q. Because there is no indication of which node represents an ancestor, there is no direction of an evolutionary path in an unrooted tree.

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Q. Molecular clock is an assumption by which molecular sequences evolve at varying rates.

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Q. A gene phylogeny only describes the evolution of a particular gene or encoded protein.

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Q. Evolution of a particular sequence _______ correlate with the evolutionary path of the species.

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Q. The species evolution is the ______ of evolution by _____ in a genome.

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Q. To obtain a species phylogeny, phylogenetic trees from a variety of gene families need to be constructed.

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Q. It is often desirable to define the root of a tree. There are two ways to define the root of a tree. One is to use an outgroup, which ______

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Q. Which of the following is incorrect statement about the Kimura model?

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Q. Which of the following is incorrect statement about Choosing Substitution Models?

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Q. The second step in phylogenetic analysis is to construct sequence alignment. This is probably the most critical step in the procedure because it establishes positional correspondence in evolution.

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Q. Which of the following is an incorrect statement?

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Q. Which of the following is an incorrect statement about Newick Format?

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Q. Sometimes a tree-building method may result in several equally optimal trees. A consensus tree can be built by showing the commonly resolved bifurcating portions and collapsing the ones that disagree among the trees, which results in a polytomy.

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Q. The number of rooted trees (NR) for n taxa is ______

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Q. For unrooted trees, the number of unrooted tree topologies (NU) is ________

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Q. It can be computationally very demanding to find a true phylogenetic tree when the number of sequences is large.

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Q. Which of the following is incorrect statement about Molecular Markers?

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Q. For studying the evolution of ________ divergent groups of organisms, one may choose either ______ nucleotide sequences, such as ribosomal RNA or protein sequences.

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Q. In many cases ______ sequences are preferable to ______ sequences because they are relatively ____ conserved.

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Q. Protein sequences can remain the same while the corresponding DNA sequences have more room for variation.

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