Q. To the calculated area of cover plates of a built-up beam, an allowance for rivet holes to be added, is

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Q. The connection of one beam to another beam by means of an angle at the bottom and an angle at the top, is known as

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Q. Allowable working stress corresponding to the slenderness ratio of double angles placed back to back and connected to one side of a gusset plate, is reduced to

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Q. Bulb angles are used in

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Q. Effective sectional area of a compression member is :

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Q. A fillet weld whose axis is parallel to the direction of the applied load, is known as

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Q. Assuming the values of maximum deviation ΔP and ΔE to be 25% of the computed value of P and E respectively, the minimum value of the factor of safety is

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Q. In case horizontal stiffeners are not used, the distance between vertical legs of flange angles at the top and bottom of a plate girder, is known as

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Q. Rolled steel angle sections are classified as

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Q. Factor of safety is the ratio of

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Q. If W and L are the total superimposed load and the span of a plate girder in metres, the approximate self weight (W) of the girder, is taken as

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Q. The ratio of the span L of the filler joists to the depth d from the under side of the joist to the top of the structural concrete, should not exceed

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Q. The maximum tensile and compressive bending stress in extreme fibres of rolled I-sections and channels on the effective section, is

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Q. Perforated cover plates are particularly suitable for built up sections consisting of

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Q. On eccentrically loaded columns, the equivalent axial load may be obtained by

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Q. The distance between the outer faces of flanges of a plate girder, is known as

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Q. Tacking rivets in compression plates not exposed to the weather, have a pitch not exceeding 300 mm or

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Q. Effective length of a column effectively held in position and restrained in direction at one end but neither held in position nor restrained in direction at the other end, is

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Q. The effective length of a double angle strut with angles placed back to back and connected to both the sides of a gusset plate, by not less than two rivets, is

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Q. To keep the intensity of bearing pressure between the column base and concrete, compressive throughout the length of the column base, the ratio of the moment M to axial load P should be

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